As COP 29 takes centre stage, the connection between human rights and environmental protection has never been more critical — or urgent. Environmental harm is not just an ecological issue; it strikes at the core of fundamental rights, from health to property and even life itself.

We are delighted to share Human Rights and Environmental Protection in Europe: Case law from the European Court of Human Rights and its Implications, prepared by The AIRE Centre Western Balkans in partnership with Sustineri Partners. Authored by William Ferris, with contributions from Biljana Braithwaite, Catharina Harby, Nevena Dicic Kostic, and Azra Becirovic, this guide explores how the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) is being applied to tackle pressing challenges like pollution, climate change, and biodiversity loss.

This work is particularly relevant in the Western Balkans, a region rich in natural resources but highly vulnerable to environmental degradation. Designed as a resource for policymakers, legal professionals, and activists, it offers actionable insights that can drive meaningful change.

Key sections of the guide analyse how various articles of the ECHR — including the right to life, health, privacy, and property — are applied to mitigate environmental threats. Notably, it includes an examination of the 2024 judgement in Verein KlimaSeniorinnen Schweiz and Others v. Switzerland, which potentially sets a new precedent for the Court’s approach to climate obligations. At a time of uncertainty and inconsistency in how courts are approaching environmental cases, this guide provides a map of relevant European standards that guide judicial actors on the path of protection of human rights and environment.

At present the guide is available in English and BCMS.

Stronger governance, adequate legal frameworks and their full and effective implementation, and bold decisions can pave the way for a future where human rights and the environment are protected hand in hand.